Research & Support

Research & Support

Explore professionally sourced information about abuse, trauma, addiction, recovery and the justice system. Select a region to view healthcare services, legal rights and reporting information relevant to Gibraltar or England and Wales.

Information notice: This section provides general educational information. It does not diagnose any person, establish whether an offence occurred or replace advice from a qualified doctor, mental-health professional or lawyer.

To suggest a resource, request a correction or share feedback about this section, email contact@therecord.health.

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GibraltarSexual abuseLegislation

What Rights Does a Child Victim Have in Gibraltar?

Children affected by sexual abuse have rights to protection, assistance and support.

This article explains how Gibraltar’s legal framework approaches safety, dignity and a child’s best interests.

It also explains why help should not depend entirely on participation in an investigation or trial.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Child Victims of Sexual Abuse and Exploitation Regulations 2013

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarVictims’ rightsLegislation

Support Should Not Depend on a Prosecution

A survivor’s need for support does not disappear when a case is delayed, closed or unable to proceed.

Gibraltar’s child-victim framework separates assistance from cooperation with a prosecution.

This article explains why care and safeguarding are not rewards for producing a successful court case.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Child Victims of Sexual Abuse and Exploitation Regulations 2013

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarVictims’ rightsLegislation

Your Rights as a Victim in Gibraltar’s Criminal-Justice System

The criminal-justice process can be confusing when a survivor does not know what information or protection to request.

This article translates Gibraltar’s victim regulations into clear, practical language.

It covers assessment, communication, protection and support throughout proceedings.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Victims in Criminal Proceedings Regulations 2015

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GibraltarVictims’ rightsLegislation

Privacy, Dignity and Protection in Gibraltar Courts

Survivors may fear that entering the justice system will expose their identity, medical history or private life.

This article examines protections that Gibraltar law may provide during proceedings.

It also explains why public websites and social media require separate caution.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Victims in Criminal Proceedings Regulations 2015

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarReporting abusePolice guidance

What Happens After You Report a Crime in Gibraltar?

Reporting an offence can begin an unfamiliar and emotionally demanding process.

This article explains the roles of the Royal Gibraltar Police, investigating officers and victim-support personnel.

It offers practical questions to ask and records to keep.

Professional source: Royal Gibraltar Police Victim Support Team

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarSexual abusePolice guidance

Reporting Non-Recent Sexual Abuse in Gibraltar

Sexual abuse can be reported even when it happened many years earlier.

Non-recent cases may present evidential challenges, but delay does not automatically invalidate an allegation.

This article explains what information may assist and why independent reporting matters.

Professional source: Royal Gibraltar Police Crime reporting information

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GibraltarDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Trauma and Addiction in Gibraltar: Why Services Must Work Together

Trauma, mental-health symptoms and substance use can become closely connected.

Treating addiction without understanding trauma may leave the original distress unaddressed.

This article combines local service information with established clinical guidance.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Drug Rehabilitation Services

10-minute readRead article
InternationalSexual abuseHealthcare guidance

The Wound That Grows With You: How Childhood Abuse Can Shape a Lifetime

Abuse may end, but its effects can emerge differently during childhood, adolescence and adulthood.

This article explores emotional regulation, development, physical health, relationships and safety.

It explains why people exposed to similar experiences may respond differently.

Professional source: World Health Organization Child Maltreatment

10-minute readRead article
InternationalSexual abuseProfessional organisation

Why Didn’t They Tell? Understanding Delayed Disclosure

Children may remain silent because of fear, shame, threats, confusion, loyalty or dependency.

Disclosure is often gradual, and some survivors do not speak until adulthood.

This article challenges the idea that delay automatically makes a report unreliable.

Professional source: National Child Traumatic Stress Network What to Do If Your Child Discloses Sexual Abuse

10-minute readRead article
InternationalTrauma and PTSDProfessional organisation

When Memory Comes in Pieces: Trauma, Dissociation and Recall

Traumatic memory may not resemble a recording replayed from beginning to end.

Some survivors remember sensations or moments but struggle with sequence, dates or gaps.

This article considers dissociation and recall without treating uncertainty as proof either way.

Professional source: Royal College of Psychiatrists Coping After a Traumatic Event

10-minute readRead article
InternationalDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Numbing the Pain: The Connection Between Trauma and Addiction

Alcohol or drugs may initially suppress fear, intrusive memories, shame or pain.

Over time that attempt to cope can become dependency and deepen other symptoms.

This article approaches addiction as a health condition rather than a moral failing.

Professional source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Mental Health and Substance Use Co-Occurring Disorders

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InternationalDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Treating Both Wounds: When Addiction and Mental Illness Occur Together

Addiction can occur alongside PTSD, depression, anxiety or another condition.

Treating substance use while ignoring trauma may leave a major driver of distress unaddressed.

This article examines coordinated, trauma-informed care.

Professional source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Co-Occurring Disorders and Other Health Conditions

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England and WalesTreatment and recoveryGovernment guidance

Therapy or Testimony? Why Survivors Should Not Have to Choose

Some survivors fear counselling will alter memory, expose notes or weaken a criminal case.

That fear can prevent treatment when it is most needed.

This article explains why support should not automatically wait for proceedings.

Professional source: Crown Prosecution Service How the CPS Charges and Prosecutes Rape Cases

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesJustice systemGovernment guidance

When a Case Does Not Reach Conviction: Understanding the Justice Gap

A truthful and serious report may still fail to produce a conviction under the criminal standard.

Historic cases can face unavailable witnesses, lost records and evidential disputes.

This article explains the distinct meanings of common case outcomes.

Professional source: Crown Prosecution Service Guidelines on Prosecuting Cases of Child Sexual Abuse

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesVictims’ rightsGovernment guidance

Entering the Courtroom: The Rights and Protections Available to Survivors

The criminal-justice process can feel intimidating and beyond a survivor’s control.

Support may include screens, video evidence, intermediaries and specialist advisers.

This article gives a practical guide to rights and court preparation.

Professional source: Ministry of Justice Code of Practice for Victims of Crime in England and Wales

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesVictims’ rightsGovernment guidance

Your Private Life Is Not the Case: Records, Anonymity and Dignity

Reporting sexual abuse should not mean surrendering every detail of medical, counselling and personal history.

This article explains why relevance and necessity matter when records are requested.

It also covers anonymity and the risks of identifying survivors online.

Professional source: UK Government New Rules on Police Requests for Counselling Notes

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GibraltarDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Alcohol and Drug Dependence in Gibraltar: Getting Help and Withdrawing Safely

Dependence can develop gradually, and suddenly stopping some substances can be medically dangerous.

Gibraltar offers rehabilitation support, while emergency and clinical needs require appropriate healthcare assessment.

This article explains safer first steps, relapse and recovery beyond abstinence.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Drug Rehabilitation Services

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesSexual abuseHealthcare guidance

Medical Care After Sexual Assault: Help Without Having to Report to Police

Medical care, emotional support and forensic options can be available even when a survivor is undecided about police reporting.

Sexual Assault Referral Centres provide specialist, confidential help after recent or non-recent assault.

This article explains choices, consent and time-sensitive evidence in England and Wales.

Professional source: NHS Help after rape and sexual assault

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesDomestic abuseGovernment guidance

Coercive Control and Economic Abuse: When Harm Leaves No Visible Injury

Domestic abuse may restrict freedom through money, surveillance, threats, isolation or control rather than visible injury.

Economic abuse can continue after separation through debt, housing, benefits or child-related arrangements.

This article explains recognition, safer documentation and England-and-Wales support routes.

Professional source: Home Office Domestic Abuse Act 2021: statutory guidance

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarSexual abuseLegislation

Consent and Sexual Offences in Gibraltar: What the Law Does—and Does Not—Assume

Consent requires a meaningful choice and cannot be reduced to stereotypes about behaviour.

Trauma, intoxication, dependency and delayed reporting require careful, evidence-led assessment.

This article explains Gibraltar’s legal context without deciding any individual allegation.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Crimes Act 2011

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarDomestic abusePolice guidance

Digital Abuse, Sextortion and Online Evidence in Gibraltar

Threats involving intimate images, accounts or money can escalate quickly and cross borders.

Fast action may protect a child, preserve evidence or reduce further distribution.

This guide explains reporting, device safety and evidence boundaries.

Professional source: Royal Gibraltar Police Internet Watch Foundation reporting partnership

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarJustice systemGovernment guidance

When You Are Unhappy With a Police Response in Gibraltar

A complaint about police service is different from asking for a criminal case to be reopened.

Clear records help identify the decision, conduct or communication being challenged.

This article explains practical complaint preparation in Gibraltar.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Police Complaints Board

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarJustice systemLegislation

Who Decides Whether a Case Is Prosecuted in Gibraltar?

Police investigate, prosecutors assess evidence and courts determine cases brought before them.

A decision not to prosecute has a precise meaning and should not be rewritten.

This article explains roles, evidence and questions survivors can ask.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act 2011

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarVictims’ rightsLegislation

Bail, Release and Survivor Safety in Gibraltar

A suspect or defendant may be released while a case continues, subject to legal decisions and possible conditions.

Survivors need accurate information about contact, alleged breaches and immediate danger.

This guide explains practical questions without undermining fair-trial rights.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Victims in Criminal Proceedings Regulations 2015

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarTrauma and PTSDHealthcare guidance

Self-Harm and Suicidal Thoughts After Abuse: Finding Help in Gibraltar

Abuse, addiction and legal stress can contribute to overwhelming distress, but there is no single cause of self-harm.

Direct, compassionate assessment can identify immediate danger and longer-term needs.

This article explains urgent and routine help in Gibraltar.

Professional source: Gibraltar Health Authority Mental Health Services

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarDrugs and alcoholGovernment guidance

Relapse, Aftercare and Rebuilding Life After Addiction in Gibraltar

Recovery often requires continuing care after detoxification or residential treatment.

A return to use can raise overdose and withdrawal risks while revealing gaps in the recovery plan.

This article focuses on safer aftercare and rebuilding daily life.

Professional source: Government of Gibraltar Drug Rehabilitation Services

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarVictims’ rightsHealthcare guidance

Men Who Experience Abuse: Barriers to Speaking and Getting Help in Gibraltar

Men and boys can experience sexual, domestic and other abuse, yet stereotypes may make disclosure harder.

Physical responses do not equal consent, and seeking help does not define masculinity or sexuality.

This article connects international clinical understanding with Gibraltar support routes.

Professional source: World Health Organization Responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesJustice systemGovernment guidance

Complaining About a Police Response: Understanding the IOPC System

Police complaints can address conduct and service, but they do not replace criminal-case review or court appeal.

Knowing the correct route and deadline helps a complainant present a focused concern.

This article explains the England-and-Wales complaints framework.

Professional source: Independent Office for Police Conduct Guide to the complaints process

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesVictims’ rightsGovernment guidance

Asking the CPS to Review a Decision: The Victims’ Right to Review

Certain CPS decisions not to prosecute or to stop proceedings can be reviewed at a victim’s request.

Eligibility, time and the decision being challenged must be understood accurately.

This article explains preparation and possible outcomes.

Professional source: Crown Prosecution Service Victims’ Right to Review Scheme

10-minute readRead article
England and WalesDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Treating Alcohol Dependence: Detoxification, Therapy and Medication

Alcohol withdrawal can be dangerous and detoxification is only the beginning of treatment.

Psychological care, medication and practical support can reduce relapse and rebuild health.

This article explains evidence-based options in England and Wales.

Professional source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Alcohol-use disorders: diagnosis, assessment and management (CG115)

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England and WalesDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Opioid Dependence, Treatment and Naloxone

Opioid dependence is treatable, and medication can reduce illicit use, withdrawal and death.

Tolerance falls after abstinence, making relapse especially dangerous.

This article explains treatment and naloxone in England and Wales.

Professional source: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Methadone and buprenorphine for the management of opioid dependence (TA114)

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GibraltarTrauma and PTSDProfessional organisation

Complex PTSD in Gibraltar: Assessment, Support and Recovery

Prolonged interpersonal trauma can affect emotional regulation, self-beliefs and relationships as well as core PTSD symptoms.

Complex PTSD is a clinical diagnosis, not a label to apply from an online checklist.

This article explains assessment, recovery and questions to ask Gibraltar services.

Professional source: World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11)

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InternationalDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Suicidal Thoughts After Trauma or Addiction: A Safety-Focused Guide

Suicidal thoughts require direct, compassionate attention and are not a moral failure.

Trauma, withdrawal, depression, pain and crisis can interact without one simple cause.

This guide focuses on immediate safety and professional help.

Professional source: World Health Organization Suicide

10-minute readRead article
GibraltarTreatment and recoveryProfessional organisation

Choosing Trauma Therapy in Gibraltar: Questions About Treatment and Safety

Effective trauma therapies exist, but treatment should match diagnosis, readiness, preference and safety.

Qualifications, consent and pacing matter as much as the therapy label.

This article explains evidence-based options and questions to ask Gibraltar services.

Professional source: American Psychological Association Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of PTSD

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GibraltarDrugs and alcoholClinical research

Alcohol-Use Disorder Treatment in Gibraltar: Medication, Detox and Recovery

Medication can support recovery from alcohol-use disorder alongside psychological and social care.

Suitability depends on health, goals, other medicines and clinical monitoring.

This article explains evidence and the questions to ask Gibraltar treatment services without recommending a drug to an individual.

Professional source: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Understanding Alcohol Use Disorder

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InternationalDrugs and alcoholClinical research

Medication for Opioid-Use Disorder Saves Lives

Methadone and buprenorphine reduce harm and support recovery when delivered as evidence-based treatment.

Stigma can push people away from care and increase overdose risk.

This article explains why retention and follow-up matter.

Professional source: National Institute on Drug Abuse Medications to Treat Opioid Use Disorder

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GibraltarDrugs and alcoholHealthcare guidance

Preventing Opioid Overdose in Gibraltar: Emergency Response and Treatment

Opioid overdose can stop breathing and requires immediate action.

Reduced tolerance and mixing opioids with sedatives greatly increase risk.

This article explains naloxone evidence, emergency response and questions to ask Gibraltar services.

Professional source: World Health Organization Opioid overdose

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InternationalChildhood abuseClinical research

Childhood Sexual Abuse, Trauma and Bipolar Disorder: What the Evidence Shows

Childhood trauma is associated with bipolar disorder, but association is not proof that one experience directly caused an individual diagnosis.

Among people with bipolar disorder, abuse histories are linked with earlier onset and a more difficult course of illness.

Careful psychiatric assessment can recognise trauma while testing other explanations and identifying appropriate treatment.

Professional source: The British Journal of Psychiatry Relationship between childhood adversity and bipolar affective disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis

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InternationalSexual abuseHealthcare guidance

Sexual Violence Against Men and Boys: Recognition Without Stereotypes

Men and boys experience sexual violence across ages, settings and relationships.

Stereotypes about strength, sexuality and physical response can obstruct disclosure and care.

This article explains inclusive, evidence-led support.

Professional source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention About Sexual Violence

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InternationalDrugs and alcoholGovernment guidance

Recovery Capital: Why Relationships, Housing and Purpose Matter in Addiction Recovery

Recovery depends on more than willpower or treatment attendance.

Safe housing, relationships, health, skills and purpose can make change more sustainable.

This article explains recovery capital without blaming people who lack resources.

Professional source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Recovery and recovery support

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